Romania: Significant Increase in Imports from Russia and China in the First Half of 2025

Data from the National Institute of Statistics show a notable rise in Romania’s imports from both the Russian Federation and the People’s Republic of China in the first six months of 2025.

Imports from Russia reached €103 million, up from €59 million in the same period in 2024, while imports from China increased to €4.34 billion from €3.42 billion.

In Russia’s case, chemical fertilizers have replaced hydrocarbons, which were previously the main import category but are now excluded due to EU sanctions. Romania operates only one chemical plant, Azomureș, which runs at reduced capacity. Romgaz plans to acquire the factory and has hired a consultant for a full asset evaluation.

Romania’s exports to Russia decreased from €100 million in H1 2024 to €83 million in H1 2025, mainly consisting of personal care products and pharmaceuticals.

Trade with China remains heavily imbalanced: Romania exported €331 million while importing over €4 billion. Imported goods include transformers, air conditioners, phones, and batteries, while exports consist of timber, copper ore, and automotive components.

Overall, Romania’s exports rose by 3.1% in H1 2025, reaching €47.676 billion, while imports increased by 4.9% to €64.388 billion. The trade deficit is driven by high imports from China and Russia and insufficient domestic production in key strategic sectors.